History

History of Italy

Italy sits at the centre of Western history in a way few countries can match. The Roman Empire shaped law, language, and architecture across Europe for two thousand years. Pompeii froze a Roman city in volcanic ash in 79 AD and preserved it for us to walk through today. The Renaissance — concentrated in Florence, Rome, and Venice between the 14th and 17th centuries — produced Leonardo, Michelangelo, and Raphael. Medieval hill towns like Siena, Assisi, and Orvieto have changed little since the 13th century.

For travellers, Italy's history is not a museum piece — it is the fabric of daily life. You eat gelato beside a Roman aqueduct. You drink coffee in a café built into a Renaissance palazzo. We have written detailed guides to the historical sites, periods, and stories that make Italy worth understanding as well as visiting.

History Guides

In-depth guides to the historical sites, periods, and cities that shaped Italy.

The Roman Colosseum — symbol of ancient Rome
History

Ancient Rome: A Guide to the Sites That Changed the World

The essential guide to ancient Rome's history and sites — the Republic, the Empire, the Colosseum, the Forum, Pompeii, and what survives 2,000 years later.

Medieval tower in San Gimignano — medieval Italy
History

Medieval Italy: City-States, Cathedrals, and the Road to the Renaissance

Medieval Italy — city-states, the Papal States, Norman Sicily, the commune movement, and where to see the Gothic cathedrals and hilltop towns today.

Pompeii ruins with Vesuvius in the background
History

Pompeii: What to See, What It Tells Us, and How to Visit

The practical and historical guide to Pompeii — what survived the 79 AD eruption, how to read the ruins, and how to plan a visit from Naples or Rome.

Roman Forum — the heart of the Roman Republic
History

The Roman Republic: 500 Years of Democracy, Conquest, and Civil War

The Roman Republic 509–27 BC — the Senate, the Punic Wars, Julius Caesar, and the constitutional collapse that produced the Roman Empire.

Florence Duomo — heart of the Italian Renaissance
History

The Italian Renaissance: Art, Ideas, and the Cities That Built It

The Renaissance began in Florence in the 14th century and transformed European art, science, and thought. Where to see it and why it happened in Italy.

Explore Italy city by city